A motherboard is a Printed circuit boardwith some integrated components and to which the essential components of a computer. It is, therefore, a fundamental element in the design of computing devices.
The term ‘motherboard’ comes from English (motherboard) Also known as motherboard (mainboardin English) or motherboard.
Parts of a motherboard
The motherboard contains a certain number of integrated components:
the chipset (circuit that controls most of the resources), the clock, the CMOS and CMOS battery, the BIOS or BIOS chip (‘Basic Input Output System’, which is used as an interface between the motherboard and the system operating system), the system bus and the expansion bus. See also: Chip and Microprocessor. the power connectors that provide power for the operation of the motherboard. See also Power supply.The CPU socket, which is a slot that allows connection to the processor, or microprocessor, of the computer.The random access memory (RAM) connector that allows connection to the RAM memory. and data storage. See also RAM Memory and ROM Memory. The expansion slots, whose models and capacities are varied (some of them existing in less current devices): ISA, VLB, PCI and PCI Express slots, AGP, AMR and the CNR slot, for devices communication devices such as LAN cards, USB and modems. input and output connectors, some of them are optional: a serial port and a parallel port (for connecting old peripherals and printers), USB ports (for more modern peripherals) , the RJ45 connector (LAN or Ethernet port), the VGA connector (for connection to the monitor) and the audio connectors (line in, line out and microphone).
Types of motherboard
There are various types and formats of motherboards. Depending on the processor, two large groups can be identified: for processors amd and for processors Intel.
Depending on the shape format, there are different types of motherboards:
Miniature AT format and AT full sizetypical of computers with 386 and 486 processors.
ATX format, whose design improves the previous format, makes it easier to connect peripherals and offers better cooling. There are several subtypes: Standard ATX, micro-ATX, Flex-ATX and mini-ATX.
BTX format. Depending on their dimensions, three types of motherboards with this type of format can be distinguished: standard BTX, micro-BTXand pico-BTX.
ITX format. The main subtypes with this format are: mini-ITX and nano-ITX.
See also Computer.