Depending on the exercises one performs, various types of muscular strength are worked on in physical education. From static and dynamic strength to explosive and relative strength, here we discuss these types of strength, accompanied by examples.
Static and dynamic force
Static force is the force applied without variation in movements or angles.. This type of muscular force results when a force is applied in the face of a much greater resistance, unable to overcome it. In this way, the muscles contract with little variation in the length of the tendons.
Some examples of static strength are trying to lift a weight that exceeds your capabilities, pushing against a wall, or initiating an arm wrestling match against someone who has similar strength.
Batting and applying force to an immovable structure are examples of dynamic and static force, respectively.
The dynamic forceinstead, is muscle force in motion. In this case, the resistance is exceeded, which results in a displacement or variation in the angle. Because of this, this force is opposite to the static one.
Three examples of dynamic strength are lifting small weights, throwing a ball, or practicing martial arts.
Initial force
The initial force is the force you exert from a state of rest to overcome an initial resistance. In other words, it refers to the force you can apply without inertia or prior impulse. Some examples in which this type of force is applied is when starting a 100-meter dash race, when lifting a heavy object, or when unscrewing the cap of a bottle.
Exercise repetitions are the key to increasing initial strength and gaining fluidity in your form. As you do more repetitions, your muscles and ligaments get stronger. After a while, your initial strength will increase, so you will be able to overcome greater resistance with less delay.
resistance force
Running up stairs strengthens your leg muscles, which increases resistance to fatigue.
The force of resistance measures the ability of muscles to resist fatigue when exercising for an extended period of time. This includes activities that contain repeated actions or that require you to maintain a force intensity for a long time.
Strength endurance prioritizes duration over intensity. Therefore, the load on the muscles is less, since the idea is to increase resistance to fatigue over time. In this way, the muscles gain efficiency when performing aerobic exercises.
By working endurance strength regularly, your muscles increase their resistance to fatigue. That is, progressing in this type of muscle strength will allow you to perform higher intensity activities for longer.
Some examples of exercises that exercise endurance strength are running marathons, moving lightly heavy objects, or doing repetitions of squats, pull-ups, push-ups, weight lifting, etc.
Explosive force
The explosive force is apply the greatest amount of force in the shortest time possible. The goal is to quickly go from a state of rest to applying maximum muscle force. This allows you to gain intensity, thus improving resistance to fatigue.
Performing activities that enhance explosive strength increases muscle resilience and strengthens ligaments. It also helps improve reaction speed and reduce the time required for muscles to contract and apply maximum tension.
Exercises such as deadlifts, throwing medicine balls or jumping as high as possible work on the explosive strength of the muscles. As you work on explosive strength, you will be able to overcome greater resistance in less time.
Maximum strength
Weight lifting is a clear example of an exercise in which maximum force is applied.
The maximum force refers to the greatest effort a muscle can exert in a single contraction. That is, it defines the limit of force that a muscle can apply over resistance at a given moment.
This type of muscle strength is not linked to time. Instead, the goal is to overcome as much resistance as possible. As you do exercises that test your maximum strength, you will grow in your ability to overcome greater resistance. In addition, working maximum strength helps grow muscles in volume, increase bone density and improve your posture.
The most common exercise to increase maximum strength is weight lifting. However, any situation where you must use all your strength is an example of maximum strength.
Relative and absolute strength
Relative strength compares the force that an individual can exert relative to his or her body mass.. This implies that lighter people may have greater relative strength than heavier people.
For example, we have a person who weighs 70 kg, capable of lifting a weight of 140 kg. If we compare it with a second 100 kg person, who also lifts a maximum of 140 kg, this person has less relative strength than the first.
Therefore, relative strength does not take into account who has more or less mass, but rather how much resistance you can overcome relative to the mass you have.
According to the absolute strength, is the force that an individual can exert due to his or her body mass. The greater the mass, the greater the force it can exert.
To illustrate with an example, a human being has less absolute strength than an elephant. Compared to an elephant, the total strength of a human being will always be less. However, the relative strength of the human being can be greater than that of the elephant.
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