He racism It is the belief that people belong to different races and that one race is superior to the others.
The discrimination It is the action based on a prejudice and it occurs when there is a differential treatment towards someone for being part of a group, category or class.
Racism Discrimination Prejudice Definition Racism is the belief that members of a race possess specific characteristics, abilities, or qualities attributed to that race. Discrimination is differential treatment (unfair or negative) directed towards a person because they belong to a certain class, group or category (such as ethnic origin, gender and age). It is prejudice put into action. A prejudice is a preconceived opinion about a person or group, which is not based on previous experience, nor is it based on objective reason. Reason It is the result of prejudice, the cause of which may be antipathy or hatred towards people with different physical characteristics, such as skin tone, customs, traditions, language or place of birth. It is caused by the prejudice that exists towards people of different age, gender, ethnic group, abilities, sexual orientation, educational level, marital status or family background. Based on the lack of knowledge, training received and social dynamics of the group of the person who maintains it. Consequences May lead to discrimination or racial prejudice. It leads to the rejection and exclusion of a certain group of people, causing social exclusion, bullying, racial segregation and other similar practices. It can lead to racism or discrimination towards a certain group. Manifestation It can be a belief or an attitude. It is an action, based on a prejudice. It can be a belief or an attitude. Conscious and unconscious nature. Conscious and unconscious. Unconscious. Examples When a person believes that an individual has violent tendencies based on his skin color or the ethnic group to which he belongs. When men and women have the same professional and academic qualifications to carry out a job, but there is a salary inequality that favors men. When someone considers that people from a social or poor neighborhood are dangerous for living in that place.
What is racism
Racism is the belief that members of a race possess specific characteristics, abilities, or qualities and that these characteristics determine their superiority.
Racism takes the form of actions, social beliefs, practices, and policies against individuals because they are members of a specific race.
Characteristics of racism
It can be both individual (personal beliefs and assumptions) and systemic or institutionalized (segregation policies of a State). Reference is made to the idea of race to categorize and divide people and groups. It proposes the superiority of one group over another, as well as of their respective members. Many physical differences are based on phenotypic traits, such as skin or hair color. Racial or ethnic stereotypes are used to delimit the social status, type of work, educational level and other variables that an individual possesses. It promotes racial segregation, both explicitly and subtly. Condescension and presumption of inferiority about the abilities of members of another racial group (for example, believing that members of one race do not have the same intellectual capacity as members of another race). Promotes an environment of ignorance or indifference to the cultural practices, traditions, and social issues of other racial groups. Maintains a bias on the negative aspects of other groups. For example, maintaining that members of a certain group have a stronger natural inclination towards crime and violence, due to the fact that they belong to a race. Those who practice racism do not recognize the prejudice on which it is based or the consequences it has on those who suffer it.
types of racism
individual racism: opinions or personal actions, offenses and explicit attacks that a person commits against another person because of their race, with the intention of causing harm.
Racial discrimination or segregation: it is the separation of groups through a process of social division.
Systemic or institutional racism: racial discrimination by governments, corporations, religious and educational institutions, or other large organizations that influence people’s lives.
Racism and civil rights: in this realm are the historical, economic or social disparity caused by past racism. Its repercussions reach current generations, manifesting itself in racist attitudes and unconscious actions of people.
cultural racism: it occurs when cultural values and practices are defined by the members of a racial group, such as the standard of “high culture” or “true art”, ignoring or even eliminating the cultural practices and perceptions of art of other groups.
Learn more about the difference between racism and xenophobia.
What is Discrimination
Discrimination is the expression of prejudice in an action. It occurs when there is a differential behavior towards the members of a group, generally negative, due to their origin, sex, belonging to a group, sexual orientation, age or any other affiliation.
Discrimination implies the rejection of members of a different group, through unfavorable, different, offensive or excluding treatment.
A person does not necessarily commit a discriminatory act when they are prejudiced or racist, since for it to be discrimination, this person has to commit some action.
Discrimination Characteristics
Because it is the expression of prejudice, negative discrimination is not based on any objective reason. It implies different types of exclusion or segregation, for example, the separation of groups due to their skin color or religious beliefs. There are forms of positive discrimination, generally from an institutional or policy perspective, offered to populations that have been affected by some type of negative discrimination. An example is the reservation of access quotas to educational institutions or public positions for minorities or women. It can be direct: a person is discriminated against for being one way, according to the perspective of the person who discriminates. It can be indirect: when there is a deal that may seem neutral to everyone, but ends up negatively affecting a person or group. It can be expressed as bullying or bullying.
types of discrimination
By age: access to jobs, study or other opportunities for personal and professional development is limited due to a person’s age.
Due to physical disability: a person is discriminated against because of their physical characteristics, limiting their professional possibilities or personal development.
Of gender or sex: it is generally given against women. For example, it occurs when there is wage inequality or the ability of women to carry out certain activities is questioned and limited.
Racial or ethnic origin: occurs against an individual or group because of their racial or ethnic origin. Racial segregation, limited access to jobs and offensive and violent treatment by the authorities are examples of this type of discrimination.
Xenophobia: when a person is discriminated against or rejected for being a foreigner.
Religious: is presented against someone because of their religious beliefs. Access to services is denied, freedom of expression is limited, violence is offended or used against those who have a different creed.
What is Prejudice
The word prejudice refers to a preconceived attitude that is maintained about an individual or group, without the existence of facts or objective reasons that motivate it.
This word is often used to refer to a negative attitude that someone has about the members of a certain group. For example, when someone considers an individual or group to be different or inferior because of their ethnic or racial origin, gender, nationality, social status, sexual orientation, or religion.
Characteristics of prejudices
If it is negative, it is of a derogatory nature, against someone or something; when it has a positive character, it can manifest as a preference towards something or someone. It can occur on an emotional level, such as holding negative feelings towards a person simply because they are considered a member of a group. It can occur at the behavioral level, generating behaviors that can lead to violence or discrimination. It can occur at a cognitive level, based on beliefs or stereotypes, and ignoring objective facts. It is resistant to change, even when there are elements that prove that a perspective on someone is not correct, the prejudice generally remains. It has a social origin and is affected by intergroup relations. The way in which a prejudice is adopted and maintained is unique to each individual.
types of prejudice
Racism: the belief that members of a group share specific characteristics that make them inferior to another group.
sexism: the supposed idea that members of a sex are inferior for being of that sex. Generally, it is directed against women by men.
Homophobia: antipathy, contempt, aversion or hatred towards people with a different sexual orientation, specifically towards homosexual people.
Religious discrimination: valuation or contempt towards a person or group due to their religious beliefs.
See also: