The skin disease These are diseases that affect the skin and its annexes, which include hair and nails. When this condition is of an inflammatory or infectious type, then the term dermatitis is used.
Dermatoses have many causes such as exposure to some chemicals, physical agents and mechanical factors.
Main causes of dermatoses
Mechanical factors such as falls, friction, trauma and bruises are capable of causing skin lesions, among which the following stand out due to their frequency:
hemorrhages. One of the most common injuries are trauma-related bruises or ecchymoses in which blood loss occurs to the superficial layers of the skin. They differ from hematomas because the latter are more deeply located collections of blood that have the shape of a nodule, hence they are commonly known as a “bump”.
Hyperkeratosis. Other very common lesions occur in the feet and hands, they correspond to thickenings called hyperkeratosis or calluses, they are due to continuous friction produced especially by footwear or the use of implements such as personal protective equipment for work, sports or recreational use.
blisters. In general, blister-type lesions are due to burns due to friction or exposure to heat, they are recognized as very thin-skinned vesicles filled with a yellowish liquid, there are other diseases capable of producing blisters, such as pemphigus, which is an autoimmune disease, perniosis that is located in the ears and is related to changes in temperature and herpes zoster or chickenpox that is of infectious origin.
Urticaria. It is a disorder of allergic origin in which a substance called histamine is released that is capable of causing redness and elevation of the skin that is accompanied by itching, it can occur due to exposure to some substance, due to temperature changes or insect bites. like mosquitoes or mites.
Sun exposure can cause various dermatoses
Sunlight is a source of ultraviolet rays capable of causing various skin lesions or aggravating existing ones. The main conditions caused by these rays include sunburn, photodermatosis consisting of the appearance of lesions in uncovered areas after exposure to the sun, and phytophotodermatitis, which is a spot-shaped rash that is due to the activation of contained chemical substances. in plants and food after exposure to the sun, an example of this is the spots on the skin produced by lemon or cola that comes into contact with the skin in recreational situations such as going to the beach.
Nutrient deficiencies also affect the skin
Skin, hair and nails are a reflection of food. The deficiency of vitamins and minerals is frequently associated with changes in the skin, although there are many manifestations due to nutritional deficiencies, the main ones include anemia that causes paleness, zinc deficiency that causes reddish lesions with very extensive loss and ulceration of the skin. , the deficiency of vitamin B3 or niacin that causes the disorder known as pellagra, as well as the lack of vitamin A and biotin that are associated with desquamation of the skin and hair loss.
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