The diversity and multiculturalism of Spain is the source of a great variety of languages, which are inseparable from its different regions. The words in Galician are worthy of study.
They constitute the characteristic form of communication of Galicia and are worthy representatives of its idiosyncrasy and culture. Below we will learn about its history, along with expressions and some of its most used words.
History of Galicia-how the words in Galician were born
Galicia is a territory of 30,000 km2, southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is divided into four provinces. It has a little more than 300 municipalities. Due to its geographical location, in which it is surrounded by high mountains and steep terrain, it was one of the areas least influenced by the invasions that devastated the Iberian Peninsula.
The first of these, the one that had the most influence on the peninsular language, occurred in 218 BC with the landing of the Romans in Empúries. Two centuries later, to the amazement of the great empire, the Galician warriors continued to face the empire, until the battle of Monte Medulio in 24 BC.
In this, the heroes decide to take their own lives rather than be enslaved by foreigners. All this type of resistance resulted in the roots of the Castro culture, which formed a linguistic substrate. It was one of the bases of what would later become words in Galician. Offers elements that predate the arrival of Latin.
Invasions and reduced influence
With the fall of the Roman Empire In the 5th century AD, Galicia was invaded by Germanic peoples. These would incorporate a superstratum into the language, which are influences on speech after the arrival of Latin.
Of these, the Swabian was the most relevant since it took the place of the ancient Gallaecia and formed the first medieval kingdom in Europe, which was independent of the Roman kingdom.
The geographical location of Galicia made it difficult for the Muslims to arrive, which hardly allowed them to influence its culture. This was relevant in the formation of the kingdom of Gallaecia compared to the rest of the peninsula.
This is how Galician was strengthened linguistically. Over time it became the mother tongue of various Christian kings. This also gave prestige to Compostela as a political and religious power.
Discoveries of words in Galician
In the golden age of Galicia that was during the 11th, 12th and 13th centuriesbrilliant events happened in culture. Galician-Portuguese lyric flourishedwhich was defined as the most appropriate means of expression where the spirit of this lyrical people that is Galicia it showsaccording to Filgueira.
In essence, his words in Galician reflected a grace and simplicity that was capable of attracting both scholars and the ignorant with his verbal honesty.
The Galicians always had a talent for lyrical creation. This is how Father Sarmiento expressed it when he said Every shepherd is a poet and every pitcher girl is a poetess.
Birth of Portugal
The great cultural and economic bond between the county of Portugal and Galicia would be broken by the monarchical and authoritarian power of the time.
The independence of Portugal in the 12th century resulted from the distribution of Alfonso VI between his daughters Teresa and Urraca. Thus a political border was born that was consolidated with the establishment of Lisbon as the capital of the new territory. On one hand there would be the Portuguese and on the other hand, the Galician.
Afterwards, the region experienced a deep economic recession and great social conflict. This was due to the centralization established by the Catholic Monarchs after the defeat of the Irmandiños. This caused the kingdom of Galicia to join the crown of Castile at the end of the 19th century. XV.
A dominant Castilian nobility emerged that would impose Castilian as the language of power. This gave rise to the Dark Centuries that were the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
Galician memory
However, the Galician language had memory. There were two events that demonstrated this. On the one hand there are songbooks with illustrious songs. Father Sarmiento deduced the poetry from him. Thus he laid the foundations of Galician philology that would influence the authors of the Rexurdimento.
On the other hand, The Irmandades da Fala and the Grupo Nos and the Seminario de Estudos were born. These contributed to enriching the words in Galician, which we know today.
Expressions and words in Galician
Galician words and their expressions have their own characteristics. They are the result of a territory that, despite historical and social changes, preserved its characteristics. Below we will learn about some of their most used terms and what they mean.
To older: It means above or in addition.
Adeus!: Bye bye!
Amizade: It is nothing more than friendship.
Andurriña: means swallow.
Arroutada: It consists of a sudden and violent agitation of the spirit, which implies the loss of personal control. It can be said that it is a characteristic of the Galician personality.
Báboa: It’s a tear.
Beizos: refers to the lips.
Bico: is a kiss.
Good day!: Good morning!
Bolboreta: This is what butterflies are called in Galician.
Bochecha: It is a part of the face that differs from the cheek or cheek, in what would be the cheekbones. It is said that chubby or round-faced people have this.
I miss you so much: I miss you so much.
Brétema: It is fog or mist.
Can you bring me a Camareiro/camareira or will you count?: Waiter/waitress, can you bring me the bill?
Can waiter/camareira bring me a menu?: Waiter/waitress, bring me the menu, please.
Canto cost everything?: How much does everything cost together?
I sing tempo!: How long!
How many years do you sing?: How old are you?
Carallo: means damn, which is used to express astonishment, anger, fright or emotion.
Chámome…: My name is…
Chosco: vision problems or blindness.
Will choverá hoxe?: Is it going to rain today?
Ciscar: It is dropping things on the ground or on a surface causing them to scatter. This is how things are in a messy room.
Collin a cold: I’ve got a cold.
Color: It is the seat given to babies, formed by the hands and arms, at chest height.
Enough comics?: Did you eat enough?
How do you call yourself?: What is your name?
Where is it from?: Where are you from?
Let me hug you: Let me hug you.
Doeme or stomach. What should I do?: My stomach hurts. What to do?
He is a Pracer: A pleasure.
Show me this one please: Show me this one, please.
It’s so much fun: You are so funny.
She is very pretty: You’re beautiful.
He is very handsome: you are very handsome.
It’s xenial: You are wonderful!
Scary: A first meaning is that of scarecrow. But this is also how a person is told to dress in a ridiculous and unattractive way.
This year I don’t want to celebrate my anniversary.: This year I don’t want to celebrate my birthday.
This is good: I’m very well.
This is cheo/chea, are you?: I’m full, and you?
I’m tired/tired: I’m very tired.
I’m very happy: I’m very happy.
I’m very worried: I’m very worried.
I’m so sad: I’m very sad.
This is dead/dead of fame: I’m starving.
Farina: It is what is known as flour.
Date: is to secure a door, window or lid by means of an appropriate mechanism or instrument. In short, it is closing something.
Happy Anniversary!: Happy Birthday!
Fuchicar: tangle, stir or pinch.
Golfiño: This is what they call a dolphin in Galician.
Thanks: Thank you
I would like to exchange dollars for euros: I want to exchange dollars for euros.
Like me: I like you.
Hoxe shine or sun: Today the sun is shining.
Hoxe é tuesday: Today is Tuesday.
Hoxe é o nove de setembro: Today is the ninth of September.
Hoxe estou moi busy: Today I am very busy.
Hoxe non tempo tempo para…: Today I don’t have time to…
Hoxe fai moi bo tempo: Today the weather is very good.
Hoxe fai moita heat: Today it’s very hot.
Larpeiro: It is a person who eats abundantly or gluttonously.
Ledicia: It is understood as joy. But it is also a word that conveys a feeling of being comfortable in a place.
Location: It is the light of the moon.
Lucecú: It means firefly.
Luscofusco: It is a time of day, between day and night, in which the light has almost completely disappeared, and things are perceived as shadows. It is the darkest part of twilight, also known as blue hour.
It will be bad: It is an expression that encourages optimism in any situation. Everything will be fine!
Tomorrow and morning: Tomorrow is Wednesday.
Tomorrow is my anniversary: Tomorrow is my birthday.
Homesickness: missing one’s homeland or loved ones.
I don’t love you: I do not like you.
I don’t understand this expression: I don’t understand this expression.
I don’t catch it well: I don’t feel well.
I don’t understand: I don’t understand.
They can’t or can’t pick: I didn’t understand it or I didn’t hear it well.
They can’t sleep: I could not sleep.
I don’t have headquarters: I’m not thirsty.
I don’t dye cards: I have no money.
I don’t have fame: I’m not hungry.
Oh! This is very expensive: Wow, it’s very expensive!
Hello everyone!: Hello everyone!
Wave!: It is the traditional greeting Hello!
Onte collín an arrefiado: Yesterday I caught a cold.
I lost my carteira: I have lost my purse/wallet.
Petar: It means to knock, like knocking on the door.
Well: It is a small cup in which coffee is usually drunk.
Can you call to make a reservation?: Can you call to make a reservation?
Can you spell a word?: Can you spell this word please?
Can you say it de novo?: Can you say it again please?
Can you write it?: Can you write it to me please?
Can you explain the meaning of the word?: Can you explain this word to me?
Can you talk a little more comfortably?: Can you speak a little slower, please?
Can you repeat the phrase?: Can you repeat this phrase, please?
Polbo: means octopus.
What day is today?: What day is today?
What are you doing tomorrow?: What are you doing tomorrow?
What fixeches hoxe?: You’ve done today?
What time is it?: What time is it?
What would you recommend?: What would you recommend?
What do you want to drink?: What do you want to drink?
What do you want to eat this night?: What do you want to eat tonight?
What do you want to eat?: What do you want to eat?
What do you want to do tomorrow?: What do you want to do tomorrow?
What do you want to market?: What do you want to buy?
What does it mean…?: What does it mean…?
How are you?: How are you?
What time are you going?: How’s the weather today?
Have a great weekend!: I wish you a good weekend!
May you have a good trip!: I wish you a good trip.
Who is?: Who is it?
Do you want to drink wine?: Do you want to drink wine?
Do you want to drink tea or water?: Do you want to drink tea or water?
Do you want to drink tea?: Do you like to drink tea?
Love me?: You love Me?
I wanted a coffee: I want a coffee.
I want to eat noodles: I want to eat pasta.
I want to eat soup: I want to eat soup.
I want to eat a salad: I want to eat a salad.
I want to eat: I want to eat.
I want to buy a map of the city: I want to buy a map of the city.
I want to buy a pair of shoes: I want to buy a pair of shoes.
Querote moito: I love you very much.
Querote: I love you.
I want to drink water: I want to drink water.
Rerender: It’s a smell…